National Animal Disease Control Programme: 147.16 Crore FMD Vaccine Doses and the One Health Case

for Livestock Biosecurity

National Animal Disease Control Programme: 147.16 Crore FMD Vaccine Doses and the One Health Case for Livestock Biosecurity

Why in News?

• NADCP, launched in 2019, has administered 147.16 crore Foot and Mouth Disease vaccine doses and benefited 8.04 crore farmers.
• Reported FMD outbreaks declined from 132 in 2019 to 40 in 2025, while reported Brucellosis outbreaks fell from 22 to 15.
• FMD NSP antibody prevalence declined from 20.8% in 2019 to 8.1% in 2025, providing a surveillance indicator of reduced viral circulation. FMD
• Disease Facts
• Foot and Mouth Disease is a highly contagious viral disease of cloven-hoofed animals such as cattle, buffalo, sheep, goats and pigs.
• FMD severely reduces milk yield, weight gain and draught productivity even when mortality in adult animals is limited.
• FMD type O is the most common and widespread serotype in India; type A is highly variable.
• No outbreak caused by serotype Asia-1 had been reported in India for the preceding three years according to the 2026 programme review. Brucellosis
• One Health Link
• Brucellosis is a bacterial zoonotic disease that affects livestock reproduction and can infect humans.
• Human infection can occur through contact with infected animals or consumption of unpasteurised animal products.
• Control therefore protects both farm productivity and public health, illustrating the One Health approach linking human, animal and environmental health.
• Vaccination, surveillance, testing and safe animal-handling practices are complementary tools. Economic Significance
• India has one of the world's largest livestock populations, so disease outbreaks can generate large aggregate losses even when losses per animal appear modest.
• Reduced milk yield affects household income and dairy supply chains; reproductive disease lowers herd productivity over multiple years.