01•Economy•GS-3
Social Issues + Economy + Environment & Ecology
The Tribal Council of Great and Little Nicobar has raised concerns over alleged remarks that the Shompen should adopt a “modern lifestyle” in the context of the Great Nicobar Island (GNI) Project. The issue highlights tensions between infrastructure development, tribal rights and conservation. Shompen: An indigenous Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Group (PVTG) inhabiting Great Nicobar Island.
Prelims: Key factual points - The Tribal Council of Great and Little Nicobar has raised concerns over alleged remarks that the Shompen should adopt a “modern lifestyle” in the context of the Great Nicobar Island (GNI) Project. - The issue highlights tensions between infrastructure development, tribal rights and conservation. - Shompen: An indigenous Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Group…
Open full article →02•Social Issues•GS-2
Compassion & Contentment: Strengthening Bonds of Cooperation & Harmony in Society
The Prime Minister of India recently shared Sanskrit Subhashitam stressing the virtues of Compassion (Karuna) and Contentment (Santosha). He said that this ethos further strengthens the links of collaboration and peace in society. Compassion and contentment are mutually enriching virtues, strengthening individual character and public morals alike.
Prelims: Key factual points - The Prime Minister of India recently shared Sanskrit Subhashitam stressing the virtues of Compassion (Karuna) and Contentment (Santosha). - He said that this ethos further strengthens the links of collaboration and peace in society. - Compassion and contentment are mutually enriching virtues, strengthening individual character and public morals alike. - Com…
Open full article →03•Social Issues•GS-2
Rise in Female Labour Force Participation rate (FLFPR)
The Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS) 2025 reveals a significant increase in the Female Labour Force Participation rate (FLFPR) since 2020, following the COVID-19 pandemic. The overall FLFPR for those aged 15 years and above increased from 30% in 2019-20 to 40% in 2025. The increase was more pronounced in rural areas, where the FLFPR rose from 33% to 45.9%, compared with an increase from 23.3% to 27.7% in urban areas.
Prelims: Key factual points - The Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS) 2025 reveals a significant increase in the Female Labour Force Participation rate (FLFPR) since 2020, following the COVID-19 pandemic. - The overall FLFPR for those aged 15 years and above increased from 30% in 2019-20 to 40% in 2025. - The increase was more pronounced in rural areas, where the FLFPR rose from 33% to…
Open full article →04•Government Schemes•GS-2
National Horticulture Board Revises Subsidy Guidelines for Commercial Horticulture
The National Horticulture Board (NHB) has amended the guidelines for the development of Commercial Horticulture through Production and Post-Harvest Management of Horticulture Crops scheme to ensure equitable distribution of government assistance. Key Amendments by the National Horticulture Board (NHB) Expanded definition of ‘family’: The revised definition of family brings within its ambit the subsidy applicant’s spouse, father, mother,…
Prelims: Key factual points - The National Horticulture Board (NHB) has amended the guidelines for the development of Commercial Horticulture through Production and Post-Harvest Management of Horticulture Crops scheme to ensure equitable distribution of government assistance. - Key Amendments by the National Horticulture Board (NHB) - Expanded definition of ‘family’: The revised definit…
Open full article →05•Science & Technology•GS-3
India’s Private Space Ecosystem
PM Modi interacted with founders and CEOs of over 20 space start-ups and highlighted the potential of India ’s private space ecosystem to attract global scientific and technological talent. India ’s Emerging Private Space Ecosystem India ’s space economy currently stands at $8.4 billion, accounting for 2–3% of the global space economy.
Prelims: Key factual points - PM Modi interacted with founders and CEOs of over 20 space start-ups and highlighted the potential of India ’s private space ecosystem to attract global scientific and technological talent. - India ’s Emerging Private Space Ecosystem - India ’s space economy currently stands at $8.4 billion, accounting for 2–3% of the global space economy. - It is expected…
Open full article →06•Polity & Governance•GS-2
Economy + Polity & Governance
The National Financial Reporting Authority (NFRA) conducted its sixth outreach programme in Ahmedabad under the theme “Creating a Better Financial Reporting Ecosystem”, with particular focus on small and medium audit practitioners. The programme seeks to improve audit quality and professional capacity. Established in 2018 under Section 132 of the Companies Act , 2013.
Prelims: Key factual points - The National Financial Reporting Authority (NFRA) conducted its sixth outreach programme in Ahmedabad under the theme “Creating a Better Financial Reporting Ecosystem”, with particular focus on small and medium audit practitioners. - The programme seeks to improve audit quality and professional capacity. - Established in 2018 under Section 132 of the Compan…
Open full article →07•Government Schemes•GS-2
Science & Technology + Internal Security + Defence
Cochin Shipyard Limited (CSL) delivered INS Mangrol to the Indian Navy on 21 August 2026. It is the third of eight Anti-Submarine Warfare Shallow Water Crafts (ASW-SWCs) being indigenously designed and constructed by CSL. Type: Anti-Submarine Warfare Shallow Water Craft (ASW-SWC).
Prelims: Key factual points - Cochin Shipyard Limited (CSL) delivered INS Mangrol to the Indian Navy on 21 August 2026. - It is the third of eight Anti-Submarine Warfare Shallow Water Crafts (ASW-SWCs) being indigenously designed and constructed by CSL. - Type: Anti-Submarine Warfare Shallow Water Craft (ASW-SWC). - Builder: Cochin Shipyard Limited, Kochi. - Role: Primarily designed to…
Open full article →08•Economy•GS-3
Subject: Agriculture + Science & Technology + Environment
The National Animal Disease Control Programme (NADCP) has reported substantial progress in controlling Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) and Brucellosis through nationwide vaccination and surveillance. Since its launch in September 2019, 147.16 crore FMD vaccine doses have been administered, benefiting 8.04 crore farmers. FMD outbreaks declined from 132 in 2019 to 40 in 2025.
Prelims: Key factual points - The National Animal Disease Control Programme (NADCP) has reported substantial progress in controlling Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) and Brucellosis through nationwide vaccination and surveillance. - Since its launch in September 2019, 147.16 crore FMD vaccine doses have been administered, benefiting 8.04 crore farmers. - FMD outbreaks declined from 132 in 2…
Open full article →09•Economy•GS-3
Indian Geography + Environment & Ecology + History & Culture
The historic Parichha Dam/Weir in Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh, has been recognised by the International Commission on Irrigation and Drainage (ICID) as a World Heritage Irrigation Structure (WHIS). It will receive the WHIS Award-2026 at the 26th ICID International Congress in Marseille, France, in October 2026. Location: Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh; important for the Bundelkhand region.
Prelims: Key factual points - The historic Parichha Dam/Weir in Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh, has been recognised by the International Commission on Irrigation and Drainage (ICID) as a World Heritage Irrigation Structure (WHIS). - It will receive the WHIS Award-2026 at the 26th ICID International Congress in Marseille, France, in October 2026. - Location: Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh; important for t…
Open full article →10•Economy•GS-3
Potential of Floating Solar systems in India
Context: The Union Cabinet has approved the Pradhan Mantri Surya Sarovar Yojana (PM-SSY) with a total outlay of ₹5,070 crore to deploy 5,000 MW of Floating Solar Photovoltaic (FSPV) projects integrated with 10,000 MWh of battery energy storage systems across India ’s reservoirs and inland water bodies. Floating solar (or Floating Photovoltaic – FPV) involves mounting photovoltaic panels on buoyant platforms anchored to the bed or banks…
Prelims: Key factual points - Context: The Union Cabinet has approved the Pradhan Mantri Surya Sarovar Yojana (PM-SSY) with a total outlay of ₹5,070 crore to deploy 5,000 MW of Floating Solar Photovoltaic (FSPV) projects integrated with 10,000 MWh of battery energy storage systems across India ’s reservoirs and inland water bodies. - Floating solar (or Floating Photovoltaic – FPV) invol…
Open full article →11•Economy•GS-3
India can Become Global Shipbuilding Hub: Defence Minister
The Defence Minister said that a vacuum created by the declining capacities of traditional shipbuilding industries across the world presents a major opportunity for India to emerge as a global shipbuilding hub. It refers to the construction, repair, and maintenance of vessels used for transportation, defense, and trade. Shipbuilding is carried out in specialised facilities called shipyards, which are equipped to handle large-scale proje…
Prelims: Key factual points - The Defence Minister said that a vacuum created by the declining capacities of traditional shipbuilding industries across the world presents a major opportunity for India to emerge as a global shipbuilding hub. - It refers to the construction, repair, and maintenance of vessels used for transportation, defense, and trade. - Shipbuilding is carried out in sp…
Open full article →12•Polity & Governance•GS-2
Illegal Migrants in India
The Union Home Minister directed the security agencies to take strict measures against infiltration, asking the police chiefs to detect and deport illegal migrants. In the last three Censuses, roughly 94% of all India ’s Bangladesh-born residents lived in the five border States (West Bengal, Assam, Tripura, Meghalaya, and Mizoram). India and Bangladesh share a 4,096.7-km-long border, which till recently was mostly porous.
Prelims: Key factual points - The Union Home Minister directed the security agencies to take strict measures against infiltration, asking the police chiefs to detect and deport illegal migrants. - In the last three Censuses, roughly 94% of all India ’s Bangladesh-born residents lived in the five border States (West Bengal, Assam, Tripura, Meghalaya, and Mizoram). - India and Bangladesh…
Open full article →13•Polity & Governance•GS-2
Gorkha Statehood Demand and the Issue of New State Formation in India
The Union Ministry of Home Affairs constituted a high-level committee following a key meeting of Gorkha leaders with the Union Home Minister and West Bengal government representatives in Siliguri. What are the Roots of the Gorkhas’ Demand? The Gorkhas’ movement for a separate administrative identity is among the oldest of its kind in India .
Prelims: Key factual points - The Union Ministry of Home Affairs constituted a high-level committee following a key meeting of Gorkha leaders with the Union Home Minister and West Bengal government representatives in Siliguri. - What are the Roots of the Gorkhas’ Demand? - The Gorkhas’ movement for a separate administrative identity is among the oldest of its kind in India . - Darjeelin…
Open full article →14•Social Issues•GS-2
India Proposes Medical Device Rule Changes To Boost Ease Of Business
The Union Health Ministry has proposed amendments to the Medical Devices Rules, 2017, to promote ease of doing business. Simplification of Outsourced Sterilisation (Amendment to Rule 44): Manufacturers outsourcing sterilisation to a facility, holding a valid licence under the Medical Devices Rules, 2017, will no longer require a separate loan licence for the sterilisation activity. Traceability will be retained: manufacturers must menti…
Prelims: Key factual points - The Union Health Ministry has proposed amendments to the Medical Devices Rules, 2017, to promote ease of doing business. - Simplification of Outsourced Sterilisation (Amendment to Rule 44): Manufacturers outsourcing sterilisation to a facility, holding a valid licence under the Medical Devices Rules, 2017, will no longer require a separate loan licence for…
Open full article →15•Social Issues•GS-2
Science & Technology + Society + Tribal Affairs
The Ministry of Tribal Affairs launched the full-fledged Adi Vaani Platform, along with its iOS application, during the National Conclave on Tribal Languages & Museums in Mysuru, Karnataka. It is designed to bridge communication gaps while preserving endangered tribal languages through AI. India ’s first AI-powered translator specifically for tribal languages.
Prelims: Key factual points - The Ministry of Tribal Affairs launched the full-fledged Adi Vaani Platform, along with its iOS application, during the National Conclave on Tribal Languages & Museums in Mysuru, Karnataka. - It is designed to bridge communication gaps while preserving endangered tribal languages through AI. - India ’s first AI-powered translator specifically for tribal lan…
Open full article →16•Social Issues•GS-2
The High Cost of India’s Private Health-care Boom
The Parliamentary Standing Committee on Health and Family Welfare noted that the average cost of hospitalisation is ₹50,508 in a private facility, compared with ₹6,631 in a government facility. For childbirth, the average out-of-pocket medical expenditure in private facilities is ₹37,630, against ₹2,299 in public facilities. The committee has made 368 recommendations, including standardised package rates and mandatory pre-treatment cost…
Prelims: Key factual points - The Parliamentary Standing Committee on Health and Family Welfare noted that the average cost of hospitalisation is ₹50,508 in a private facility, compared with ₹6,631 in a government facility. - For childbirth, the average out-of-pocket medical expenditure in private facilities is ₹37,630, against ₹2,299 in public facilities. - The committee has made 368 r…
Open full article →17•Science & Technology•GS-3
Securing Synthetic DNA in India
Syllabus: GS3/Science and Technology Synthetic DNA has become central to advances in health, food security, climate and biotechnology, but its growing accessibility has created significant dual-use and biosecurity risks. It is defined as artificially created genetic material that can be synthesized from digitized genome sequences and used to construct synthetic genomes.
Prelims: Key factual points - Syllabus: GS3/Science and Technology - Synthetic DNA has become central to advances in health, food security, climate and biotechnology, but its growing accessibility has created significant dual-use and biosecurity risks. - It is defined as artificially created genetic material that can be synthesized from digitized genome sequences and used to construct s…
Open full article →18•Science & Technology•GS-3
Ease of Doing Research & Development in India Report by NITI Aayog
Syllabus: GS2/Governance; GS3/Science and Technology The ‘Ease of Doing R&D in India ’ reported that close to 80% of funding under the Anusandhan National Research Foundation (ANRF), the flagship research funding body, is concentrated in the IITs. Low Expenditure on Research and Development: India ’s Gross Expenditure on Research and Development (GERD) has remained around 0.64% of GDP for many years.
Prelims: Key factual points - Syllabus: GS2/Governance; GS3/Science and Technology - The ‘Ease of Doing R&D in India ’ reported that close to 80% of funding under the Anusandhan National Research Foundation (ANRF), the flagship research funding body, is concentrated in the IITs. - Low Expenditure on Research and Development: India ’s Gross Expenditure on Research and Development (GERD)…
Open full article →19•Economy•GS-3
Nepal Flash Flood Disaster
Context: Catastrophic flash floods and debris flows tore through the transboundary Lhende Khola, Bhote Koshi, and Trishuli river systems along the Nepal–Tibet border. About The Nepal Flash Flood Disaster: A high-altitude flash flood and debris flow is a sudden, violent surge of water heavily laden with rock, sediment, and glacial ice that travels down steep mountain gradients with massive kinetic force.
Prelims: Key factual points - Context: Catastrophic flash floods and debris flows tore through the transboundary Lhende Khola, Bhote Koshi, and Trishuli river systems along the Nepal–Tibet border. - About The Nepal Flash Flood Disaster: - A high-altitude flash flood and debris flow is a sudden, violent surge of water heavily laden with rock, sediment, and glacial ice that travels down s…
Open full article →20•Environment•GS-3
Global Drought Resilience Architecture: UNCCD COP17 Launches DRI and DRIF
At the 17th Conference of the Parties (COP17) to the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD), a new global drought resilience architecture was officially launched. This framework aims to transition global drought management from reactive emergency response to proactive technological preparedness. The launch introduces two world-first instruments: the Drought Resilience Index (DRI), a comprehensive technical monitorin…
Prelims: • Drought Resilience Index (DRI) is designed as the world's first technical monitoring metric to assess systemic national capacity against drought. • DRI utilizes Artificial Intelligence (AI) analytics to translate complex geographical and climate data into practical insights. • Drought Resilience Investment Facility (DRIF) operates as a dedicated global catalytic financing pla…
Open full article →21•International Relations•GS-2
International Relations + Geography
MoS for Commerce & Industry Jitin Prasada co-chaired the 7th Session of the India –Morocco Joint Commission in Rabat on 24–25 August 2026. India and Morocco agreed to work towards doubling bilateral trade within five years and constituted a Joint Working Group to examine the feasibility of a Preferential Trade Agreement (PTA). Bilateral trade was around US$4 billion in 2025.
Prelims: Key factual points - MoS for Commerce & Industry Jitin Prasada co-chaired the 7th Session of the India –Morocco Joint Commission in Rabat on 24–25 August 2026. - India and Morocco agreed to work towards doubling bilateral trade within five years and constituted a Joint Working Group to examine the feasibility of a Preferential Trade Agreement (PTA). - Bilateral trade was around…
Open full article →22•Economy•GS-3
India’s Growth Paradox: Economic Rise Amid Persistent Regional Disparities
There are substantial gaps in per capita income and development across states in India while it has emerged as one of the world’s largest economies since the 1991 economic reforms. India ’s Growth: From the 1991 Reforms Till Now The LPG Reforms 1991 (liberalisation, privatisation and globalisation) integrated India more closely with the global economy and accelerated growth.
Prelims: Key factual points - There are substantial gaps in per capita income and development across states in India while it has emerged as one of the world’s largest economies since the 1991 economic reforms. - India ’s Growth: From the 1991 Reforms Till Now - The LPG Reforms 1991 (liberalisation, privatisation and globalisation) integrated India more closely with the global economy a…
Open full article →23•Polity & Governance•GS-2
Meta’s New Teen Safety Rules
Meta is set to introduce new default restrictions for teenagers on Instagram and Facebook in the US after signing an $18 billion settlement with 52 state attorneys general that requires new safety measures for young users. The settlement comes amid a set of lawsuits over alleged harms caused by social-media platforms to children and teenagers. The states alleged that Meta designed Facebook and Instagram to keep young people compulsively…
Prelims: Key factual points - Meta is set to introduce new default restrictions for teenagers on Instagram and Facebook in the US after signing an $18 billion settlement with 52 state attorneys general that requires new safety measures for young users. - The settlement comes amid a set of lawsuits over alleged harms caused by social-media platforms to children and teenagers. - The state…
Open full article →24•Defence & Security•GS-3
India-US Deal To Procure Javelin Anti-tank Guided Missile Systems
Context: India has signed a Letter of Offer and Acceptance (LOA) with the United States to procure the FGM-148 Javelin anti-tank guided missile (ATGM) system through the Foreign Military Sales (FMS) route under emergency procurement powers. The FGM-148 Javelin is an American-made, shoulder-fired, man-portable third-generation Anti-Tank Guided Missile (ATGM) system. It is widely recognized as one of the world’s premier precision infantry…
Prelims: Key factual points - Context: India has signed a Letter of Offer and Acceptance (LOA) with the United States to procure the FGM-148 Javelin anti-tank guided missile (ATGM) system through the Foreign Military Sales (FMS) route under emergency procurement powers. - The FGM-148 Javelin is an American-made, shoulder-fired, man-portable third-generation Anti-Tank Guided Missile (ATG…
Open full article →25•International Relations•GS-2
India-Kuwait Joint Defence Committee (JDC)
The inaugural meeting of the India -Kuwait Joint Defence Committee (JDC) was held in New Delhi. Both countries agreed to further strengthen the bilateral defence cooperation across a wide range of areas, including training, military exercises, military medicine, staff talks, defence industry, and Research and Development. The first meeting of the JDC marked an important step towards operationalising the objectives outlined in the Memora…
Prelims: Key factual points - The inaugural meeting of the India -Kuwait Joint Defence Committee (JDC) was held in New Delhi. - Both countries agreed to further strengthen the bilateral defence cooperation across a wide range of areas, including training, military exercises, military medicine, staff talks, defence industry, and Research and Development. - The first meeting of the JDC ma…
Open full article →26•Government Schemes•GS-2
Nuclear Energy in India
India is reinforcing nuclear power as a secure, sustainable and future-ready foundation of national development with the help of the SHANTI Act , 2025, Nuclear Energy Mission for Viksit Bharat and indigenous technology. Nuclear power plants generate energy from heat produced in a well-controlled process called nuclear fission. The heat boils water, and the steam turns a turbine coupled to a generator.
Prelims: Key factual points - India is reinforcing nuclear power as a secure, sustainable and future-ready foundation of national development with the help of the SHANTI Act , 2025, Nuclear Energy Mission for Viksit Bharat and indigenous technology. - Nuclear power plants generate energy from heat produced in a well-controlled process called nuclear fission. - The heat boils water, and…
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